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KMID : 1134820190480040456
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Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
2019 Volume.48 No. 4 p.456 ~ p.468
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Survey on Nutritional Status and Dietary Behaviors of Middle School Students in Korea Using the Nutrient Quotient (NQ) of Children for Dietary Education
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Kim Woo-Kyung
Kang Myung-Hee
Kim Sun-Hyo
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Abstract
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This study examined nutritional status and dietary behaviors of middle school students according to gender using nutrition quotient (NQ). Subjects (n=692, 13.8±0.0 years) were selected by convenience sampling from middle school students in Incheon, Daejeon, Cheongju, and Cheonan City in Korea. As a result, mean score of NQ out of 100 was 61.9±0.7 for males and 60.5±0.7 for females; there was no difference according to gender. Among five grade criterion of NQ, most subjects (84.8%) were in medium to lowest grade, which was poor. Mean scores of NQ factors were the highest for diversity (69.2±0.8), followed in order by moderation (65.9±0.7), balance (61.7±0.7), regularity (60.3±0.9), and practice (52.9±0.7). Compared to criterion value, balance was only good and diversity and practice were the worst. Scores of balance and diversity were higher in males than females (P<0.01), and moderation score was higher in females than males (P<0.01). Most factors of NQ were skewed toward bad and such a skewness was the highest in practice and diversity. Results of dietary behavior analysis showed that it is necessary to increase intake of cooked rice with whole grains, milk, and diverse side dishes in each meal. It is also necessary to take breakfast as well as reduce consumption of fast foods and increase exercise time for males and females. Therefore, to promote proper nutrition and dietary behaviors of subjects, it is necessary to provide systematic management at national level as well as strengthen dietary education reflecting actual situation in home and school.
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KEYWORD
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nutrition quotient, nutritional status, dietary behaviors, middle school students, dietary education
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